NOTE: The “Contents” section of the site menu lists all articles, divided into six categories (“Bible Notes,” “Philosophers,” “American Politics,” “Nations,” “Manners and Morals,” and “Remembrances”). the articles are arranged in the chronological order of their posting. This Table of Contents lists articles in the “Nations” section in the order in which they may be read as if they were chapters in a book.
1. Tyrants
Waller R. Newell: Tyrants: A History of Power, Injustice, and Terror (2016).
2. Can Democracy Work?
James Miller: Can Democracy Work? A Short History of a Radical Idea (2018).
3. The Newest ‘Left’
Albena Azmanova: Capitalism on Edge: How Fighting Precarity Can Achieve Radical Change Without Crisis or Utopia (2020).
4. The Causes of War
Michael Mann: On War. Introduction-Chapter 9. (2022).
5. Mann’s Analysis of the Causes and Effects of War
Michael Mann: On War. Chapter 10-Conclusion. (2002).
6. Gods of the Family, Gods of the City: Sophocles’ Antigone
Sophocles: Antigone. Peter Ahrensdorf and Thomas L. Pangle translation. (2014)
Sophocles: Antigone. William Blake Tyrrell translation and notes. Posted on-line by Professor Tyrrell.
William Blake Tyrrell and Larry J. Bennett: Recapturing Sophocles’ Antigone. (1998).
Seth Benardete: Sacred Transgressions: A Reading of Sophocles’ Antigone. (1999).
7. Thucydides on Politics
Geoffrey Hawthorn: Thucydides on Politics: Back to the Present (2014).
8. Livy’s Model Statesman
Titus Livy: The History of Rome. Books I-V.
Titus Livy: The History of Rome. Books VI-X.
9. The Roman Republic in Action
Polybius: The Histories. Books I-II.
10. Roman Resilience
Polybius: The Histories. Books III-V.
11. The Roman Regime
Polybius: The Histories. Book VI.
12. An Education in Romanness
Julius Caesar: The Gallic War. Kurt A. Raaflaub translation. (2017).
13. Caesar Considers the Gauls
Julius Caesar: Gallic War. Books II-VII. Kurt A. Raaflaub translation. (2017).
14. What Is the Modern State?
Philip Bobbitt: The Shield of Achilles: War, Peace and the Course of History. Book I: “State of War.” (2002).
15. Regimes in Collision
Philip Bobbitt: The Shield of Achilles: War, Peace, and the Course of History. Book II: States of Peace.” (2002).
16. Charles Tilly and the Reconstruction of Political Theory
Charles Tilly: European Revolutions, 1492-1992 (1993).
17. What American Democracy Means for Europe, in the Estimation of Alexis de Tocqueville
Alexis de Tocqueville: Democracy in America. Volume 1, Part 2, Chapter 9, Subchapter 19: “The Main Causes Which Tend to Maintain a Democratic Republic in the United States.” Harvey Mansfield and Delba Winthrop translation. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2000.
18. What Is Europe?
Tzetan Todorov: In Defense of the Enlightenment. Gila Walker translation. (2006).
19. Fascists: Who Were They?
Michael Mann: Fascists (2004).
20. Anti-Americanism of the European Right, Then and Now
Georges Duhamel: Civilization 1914-1917. (1919).
Georges Duhamel: American the Menace: Scenes from the Life of the Future. (1931).
Tomislav Sunic: Homo Americanus: Child of the Postmodern Age. (2007).
21. Tocqueville’s Thoughts on the History of England
Alexis de Tocqueville: “My Musings about English History.”
22. Shakespearean Comedy: Two Points on the Compass
William Shakespeare: The Merry Wives of Windsor.
William Shakespeare: Much Ado About Nothing.
23. Edmund Spenser on What to Do with the Irish
Edmund Spenser: A View of the Present State of Ireland: Discoursed by Way of a Dialogue between Eudoxus and Irenaeus (1596).
Edmund Curtis: A History of Ireland (1936).
24. The Napoleonic Wars Weren’t Over till Charlotte Brontë Said They Were Over
Charlotte Brontë: Villette (n.d.).
25. ‘Indirect’ Imperialism
Karuna Mantena: Alibis of Empire: Henry Maine and the End of Liberal Imperialism (2010).
26. British Imperialism and It Critics
Gregory Claeys: Imperial Skeptics: British Critics of Empire, 1850-1920 (2010).
27. How the Stars at Churchill’s Birth Formed the Constellation of His Life
Speech at the Birthday Dinner for Sir Winston Churchill. The Right Honorable Winston Spencer Churchill Society of Alaska. Anchorage, Alaska. November 30, 2023.
28. Churchill in the Sudan: War and Statesmanship
Winston S. Churchill: The River War: An Historical Account of the Reconquest of the Sudan. 2 volumes. (2020).
29. Churchill on Empire
Kirk Emmert: Winston S. Churchill on Empire (1989).
30. Churchill’s Statesmanship
Harry V. Jaffa, ed.: Statesmanship: Essays in Honor of Sir Winston Churchill (1981).
Kenneth W. Thompson: Winston Churchill’s World View: Statesmanship and Power (1993).
31. Churchill at War
Anthony Tucker-Jones: Churchill Master and Commander: Winston Churchill at War 1895-1945 (2020).
32. Lincoln, Churchill, and Statesmanship
Lewis E. Lehrman: Lincoln and Churchill: Statemen at War (2018).
John von Heyking: Comprehensive Judgment and Absolute Selflessness: Winston Churchill on Politics and Friendship (2018).
33. Where France Stood in Churchill’s Geopolitical Landscape
34. Churchill’s War Cabinet
Jonathan Schneer: Winston Churchill and His War Cabinet (2014).
35. Racine’s “Brittanicus”
Jean Racine: Britannicus: A Tragedy. In Complete Plays, Volume I. Samuel Solomon translation.
36. The Many Regimes of Chateaubriand
François-René Chateaubriand: Memoirs from Beyond the Grave, 1768-1800. Alex Andriesse translation. (2018).
37. Chateaubriand Against Napoleon
François-René vicomte de Chateaubriand: Memoirs from Beyond the Grave. Books XIII-XVI. Alex Andriesse translation. (2022).
38. Chateaubriand and Napoleon: Parallel Lives
François-René vicomte de Chateaubriand: Memoirs from Beyond the Grave. Alex Andriesse translation. (2022).
39. Napoleon and Alexander: Parallel Lives
François-René vicomte de Chateaubriand: Memoirs from Beyond the Grave. Alex Andriesse translation. (2022).
40. Chateaubriand and Napoleon: Parallel Defeats
François-René vicomte de Chateaubriand: Memoirs from Beyond the Grave, 1800-1815. Alex Andriesse translation. (2022).
41. Chateaubriand’s America
François-René vicomte de Chateaubriand: Travels in America. Richard Switzer translation. (1969).
42. France’s Civilizing Mission
Mort Rosenblum: Mission to Civilize: The French Way (1986).
43. The Monarchist Kulturkampf of Charles Maurras
Charles Maurras: The Future of the Intelligentsia and For a French Rewakening. Alexander Jacob translation. (2016).
44. Clemenceau
Georges Clemenceau: Grandeur and Misery of a Victory. (1930).
45. French Factionalism
Charles Tilly: The Contentious French (1986).
46. France Between the World Wars: The Witness of Raymond Aron
Raymond Aron: Memoirs: Fifty Years of Political Reflection. George Holoch translation. (1990).
47. Cocteau the Greek
Jean Cocteau: Past Tense: Diaries. Volume I. Richard Howard translation. (1987).
48. Resistance, Reconsidered
Robert Gildea: Fighters in the Shadows: A History of the French Resistance (2015).
49. Fascism in France, Misunderstood
Alice Yeager Kaplan: Reproductions of Banality: Fascism, Literature, and French Intellectual Life (1987).
50. The Fate of French Collaborators After the World War
Herbert R. Lottman: The Purge: The Purification of French Collaborators After World War II (1986).
51. The Debacle of the French Intellectuals
Raymond Aron: The Opium of the Intellectuals. Terence Kilmartin translation. (2013).
52. De Gaulle: Portrait of a Statesman
Don Cook: Charles de Gaulle (1984).
53. Camus and His Native Algeria
Albert Camus: Algerian Chronicles. Arthur Goldhammer translation. (2013).
54. De Gaulle’s Statesmanship Rightly Understood
Daniel J. Mahoney: De Gaulle: Statesmanship, Grandeur, and Democracy (1996).
55. De Gaulle’s Fifth Republic: President and Parliament
William G. Andrews: Presidential Government in Gaullist France (1982).
56. Malraux and De Gaulle
André Malraux: Felled Oaks. Terence Kilmartin translation. (1971).
57. Aron on De Gaulle: Wartime and Postwar
Raymond Aron: Aron et De Gaulle. Parti I: De Gaulle et les Parties (1943-1948). (2022).
Raymond Aron: Liberté et Égalité: Course au Collège de France. (2013).
58. Aron Tout Court
Nathan Orlando: Raymond Aron and His Dialogues in an Age of Ideologies. (2023).
59. Aron Companion
José Colon and Elisabeth Dutartre-Michaut, eds.: The Companion to Raymond Aron (2015).
60. France’s Mitterand
Denis MacShane: François Mitterand: A Political Odyssey. (1983).
61. Democracy’s Temptations
Jean-François Revel: How Democracies Perish. William Byron translation. (1984).
62. The French “New Right”
Alain de Benoist and Charles Champetier: Manifesto for a European Renaissance. Third edition. (2011).
63. The French Malaise
Chantal Delsol: Prosperity and Torment in France: The Paradox of the Democratic Age. Andrew Kelley translation. (2025).
64. Chateaubriand’s Voyage toward Jerusalem
François-René vicomte de Chateaubriand: Itinéraire de Paris à Jérusalem. A. S. Kline translation. (2011).
65. Machiavelli’s Florentine Histories
Niccolò Machiavelli: Florentine Histories. Laura Banfield and Harvey C. Mansfield, Jr. translation. (1988).
Harvey C. Mansfield, Jr.: “Party and Sect in Machiavelli’s Florentine Histories.” In Machiavelli’s Virtue. (1996).
Catherine H. Zuckert: “The Failed Republic: Florentine Histories.” In Machiavelli’s Politics. (2017).
66. Historiography Against Tyranny: The Achievement of Guglielmo Ferrero
67. The Manly, Moderate Republicanism of “Wilhelm Tell”
Johann Christoph Friedrich von Goethe: Wilhelm Tell. Gillard J. Jordan translation. (1964).
68. Hindenburg
William J. Astore and Dennis E. Showalter: Hindenburg: Icon of German Militarism. Washington: Potomac Books, 2005.
69. Hitler’s Intentions
Sebastian Haffner: The Meaning of Hitler. (1979).
Jochen Thies: Hitler’s Plans for Global Domination: Nazi Architecture and Ultimate War Aims. (2012/1976).
70. Hitler’s Architect, Albert Speer: A Note
Albert Speer: Inside the Third Reich. Richard and Clare Winston translation. (1993).
71. The Holocaust Reconsidered
Tzvetan Todorov: Facing the Extreme: Moral Life in the Concentration Camps. (1996).
72. German Reunification
73. Troubling History
Adam Michnik: The Trouble with History: Morality, Revolution, and Counterrevolution. Elzbieta Matynia, Agnieszka Marcyzysk, and Roman Czarny translation. (2014).
74. Does It Make Sense to Seek Truth in Politics? Michnik and Havel Talk It Over
Elzbieta Matynia, ed.: The Uncanny Era: Conversations between Vacláv Havel and Adam Michnik. Elzbieta Matynia translation. (2014).
75. Michnik on the Polish Church
Adam Michnik: “The Church and the Left.”
76. Havel’s Political Thought
Delia Popescu: Political Action in Václav Havel’s Thought: The Responsibility of Resistance (2012).
77. Founding Bulgaria
Ivan Yazov: Under the Yoke. William Morfill translation (2015).
78. Institutional Heft: How the Left Cinches in Its Ideocracy
Paul Drago Aligica and Simone Preda: The Institutionalization of Indoctrination: The Romanian Case Study. (2022).
79. The Distinctive Character of Russia
Richard Pipes: Russian Conservatism and Its Critics: A Study in Political Culture. (2005).
80. Solzhenitsyn on the Russian Revolution
Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn: March 1917: The Red Wheel, Node III, Book I. Marian Schwartz translation. (2017).
81. Stalin
Stephen Kotkin: Stalin. Volume I: Paradoxes of Power, 1878-1928. (2014).
82. “Pravda” Means “Truth”
83. Solzhenitsyn in the Seventies: Prospects for Russia and the West
Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn: From Under the Rubble (1974).
Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn: Warning to the West (1975).
84. Solzhenitsyn on Russian Reconstruction
Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn: Rebuilding Russia: Reflections and Tentative Proposals (1991).
Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn: the Russian Question at the End of the Twentieth Century (1995).
85. The Temptation of the West: Solzhenitsyn in America
Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn: Between Two Millstones: Book I: Sketches of Exile, 1974-1978. Peter Constantine translation. (2018).
86. What Will Russia Be?
Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn: Between Two Millstones: Volume II: Exile in America, 1978-1994. Clare Kitson and Melanie Moore translation. (2020).
87. Sinyavsky and the Bearable Heaviness of Dissent
Andrei Sinyavsky [“Abram Tertz”]: Strolls with Pushkin. Catharine Theimer Nepomnyashchy and Slava I. Yastremski translation. (1993).
88. The Regime Change That Wasn’t
Vladimir Bukovsky: Judgment in Moscow: Soviet Crimes and Western Complicity. Alyona Kojevnikov translation. (2019).
89. Spanish Conquistadors Through a Postmodernist Lens
Tzetan Todorov: The Conquest of America: The Question of the Other. Richard Howard translation. (1999).
90. Lakota
Pekka Hakalainen: Lakota History: A New History of Indigenous Power (2019). Part I.
91. Conflict of Regimes, Conflict of Empires: Lakotas Confront the United States
Pekka Hakalainen: Lakota History: A New History of Indigenous Power (2019). Part II.
92. American Vercingetorix
John D. McDermott: Red Cloud: Oglala Legend (2015).
93. Reply to Garcia Marquez
Gabriel Garcia Marquez: Nobel Prize Address (1982).
94. Rhodesia: Emotions and Realities
95. Islam and Modern Politics
96. Al-Qaeda and ‘Islamism’
97. Hamas: Its History and Character
Khaled Hroub: Hamas: A Beginner’s Guide. (2010).
98. Portrait of a Jihadist
Thomas Hegghammer: The Caravan: Abdallah Azzam and the Rise of Global Jihad (2020).
99. Saudi Arabia
100. Iran
101. Machiavelli and the Shah
102. Syria and Its Civil War
Christopher Phillips: The Battle for Syria: International Rivalry in the New Middle East (2016).
103. Muslims and the Modern State
Pierre Manent: Beyond Radical Secularism: How France and the Christian West Should Respond to the Islamic Challenge. Ralph C. Hancock translation. (2016).
104. The Costs of Survival
Jack Eisner: The Survivor (1981).
105. Self-Determination, Now
106. Mr. Buckley’s Critique of Begin
107. A Written Constitution for Israel: The Eidelberg Proposal
Response to Paul Eidelberg: “A Constitution for the State of Israel: A Practical Proposal” (2000).
108. The Struggle Over Eurasia
Alexandros Petersen: The World Island: Eurasian Politics and the Fate of the West (2011).
109. Geopolitics of Asia
Michael R. Auslin: Asia’s New Geopolitics: Essays on Reshaping the Indo-Pacific (2020).
110. The Political and Economic History of Modern China
Orville Schell and John De Lur: Wealth and Power: China’s Long March to the Twenty-First Century (2013).
111. China in the 1990s
Xudong Zhang: Postsocialism and Cultural Politics: China in the Last Decade of the Twentieth Century (2008).
112. A Chinese Tocqueville?
Wang Huning: America Against America. (1991).
113. The Comprehensive Strategy of Xi Jinping, 2012-2017
Xi Jinping: The Governance of China. Volume I: November 2012-JUne 2013. Beijing: Foreign Languages Press, 2017.
Xi Jinping: The Governance of China. Volume II: August 2014- September 2017. Beijing: Foreign Languages Press, 2017.
114. The China Strategy
Michael Pillsbury: The Hundred-Year Marathon: China’s Secret Strategy to Replace America as the Global Superpower (2015).
David P. Goldman: You Will Be Assimilated: China’s Plan to Sino-Form the World (2020).
115. Chinese Appropriations of Schmitt and Strauss
Kai Marchal and Carl K. Y. Shaw, eds.: Carl Schmitt and Leo Strauss in the Chinese-Speaking World (2017).
116. The Costs of Chinese Leninism
Desmond Shum: Red Roulette: An Insider’s Story of Wealth, Power, Corruption, and Vengeance in Today’s China (2021).
117. Regime Change in Japan
Toshio Nishi: Unconditional Democracy: Education and Politics in Occupied Japan, 1944-1952 (1982).
118. Grand Strategy for the Philippines
Chester B. Cabalza, Joshua Bernard B. Espena and Don McLain Gill: The Rise of Philippinedization: Philippinedization Is Not Finlandization. (2021).
119. What Is the “Great Reset”?
Klaus Schwab and Thierry Malleret: COVID-19: The Great Reset (2020).
120. Warfare Now
David Petraeus and Andrew Roberts: Conflict: The Evolution of Warfare from 1945 to Ukraine. (2023).
121. Rood Geopolitics
J. D. Crouch and Patrick J. Garrity: You Run the Show or the Show Runs You: Capturing Professor Harold W. Rood’s Strategic Thought for a New Generation (2015).
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